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Where do creoles get their grammar?
المؤلف:
P. John McWhorter
المصدر:
The Story of Human Language
الجزء والصفحة:
17-28
2024-01-22
714
+
-
20
Where do creoles get their grammar?
A. Much of a creole grammar is based on the native languages of its creators. For example, in Sranan, That hunter bought a house for his friend is A hondiman dati ben bai wan oso gi en mati.
Sranan:
A hondiman dati ben bai wan oso gi en mati.
the hunter-man that PAST buy a house give his mate
“That hunter bought a house for his friend.”
Sranan runs the verbs together in this way because the West African language many of its creators spoke, Fongbe, does the same thing:
Fongbe:
Koku so ason o na e.
Koku take crab the give her
“Koku gave her the crab.”
B. Other parts of creole grammars appear exotic today but are actually just features of the regional dialects spoken by the whites with whom slaves had contact. For example, Gullah is a creole spoken on islands off of
South Carolina. Gullah for I come here every evening is Uh blant come yuh ebry eebnin. This blant appears strange to us, but it comes from regional British dialects, such as the one of Cornwall, which used belong in the same way: Billee d’ b’long gwine long weth ‘e’s sister, “Billy goes with his sister.”
C. In other ways, creoles revert to what many linguists think are innate grammar “defaults” that many or even most languages have drifted away from but lie at the base of our capacity for language. For example, no matter what the word order is in a creole creator’s native language or the one that the creator is learning, a creole’s word order is almost always subject-verb-object. Many linguists consider this order the basic one for language, even though all possible orders exist throughout the world.
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قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتاباً يوثق تاريخ السدانة في العتبة العباسية المقدسة
"المهمة".. إصدار قصصي يوثّق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة فتوى الدفاع المقدسة للقصة القصيرة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)
