Type of test Blood

Normal findings

 No antiplatelet antibodies identified

Test explanation and related physiology

Immune-mediated destruction of platelets may be caused either by autoantibodies directed against antigens located on the same person’s platelets or by alloantibodies that develop after exposure to transfused platelets received from a donor. These antibodies are usually directed to an antigen on the platelet membrane, such as human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) or platelet-specific antigens, such as PLA1 and PLA2.

Antibodies directed to platelets cause early destruction of the platelets and subsequent thrombocytopenia. Immunologic thrombocytopenia includes the following:

• Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP). Platelet-associated IgG antibodies are detected in 90% of these patients.

• Posttransfusion purpura. This is usually associated with an antibody to ABO, HLA, or PLA antigens on the RBC.

• Maternal–fetal platelet antigen incompatibility (neonatal thrombocytopenia). This occurs when the fetal platelet contains a PLA1 antigen that is absent in the mother. Neonatal thrombocytopenia can also occur if the mother has ITP autoantibodies that are passed through the placenta and destroy the fetal platelets.

• Drug-induced thrombocytopenia. Although a host of drugs are known to induce autoimmune-mediated thrombocytopenia, heparin is the most common and causes heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). There are two types of HIT that may develop. Type I HIT is generally considered a benign condition and is not antibody-mediated. In type II HIT, thrombocytopenia is usually more severe and is antibody mediated. Type II HIT is caused by an IgG antibody and usually occurs after 6 to 8 days of IV heparin therapy. The diagnosis of HIT is confirmed by identifying heparin-induced thrombocytopenia antibodies (HITAs).

Other drugs known to cause antiplatelet antibodies include analgesics (salicylates), antibiotics (cephalosporins), cimetidine, diuretics, heavy metals (e.g., gold), hypnotics, oral hypoglycemic agents, quinidine-like drugs, and many others (e.g., digoxin).

Interfering factors

• Blood transfusion may cause the development of isoantibodies to HLA antigens on the platelets or RBCs.

Procedure and patient care

 • See inside front cover for Routine Blood Testing.

• Fasting: no

 • Blood tube commonly used: red

Abnormal findings

 Increased levels

- Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura

-Neonatal thrombocytopenia

- Posttransfusion purpura

- HIT

- Drug-induced thrombocytopenia

- Paroxysmal hemoglobinuria

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

الأمين العام للعتبة العباسية المقدسة يكشف تفاصيل الخطط الخدمية والتنظيمية والصحية الخاصة بزيارة الأربعين

شركة نور الكفيل: نعمل لتوفير متطلبات السلة الغذائية للمواكب وزائري الأربعين على مدار اليوم

المجمَع العلمي يواصل مشروع تعليم القراءة الصحيحة على طريق زائري الأربعين

العتبة العباسية المقدسة تقيم دورة باللغة الإنكليزية للتعامل مع الوفود الأجنبية خلال زيارة الأربعين

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

علامات فارقة بين النوبة أو السكتة القلبية.. ماهي؟

الفلفل الأحمر.. سعرات حرارية منخفضة وفوائد صحية عديدة

8 أعراض إذا شعرت بها.. اذهب للطوارئ فورا !

تعرف على أكثر 8 أماكن اتساخا في المنزل

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

إنتاج الهيدروجين الأخضر في البحر.. هذه أحدث الدراسات

"ناسا" تخطط لبناء مفاعل نووي على سطح القمر !

ابتكار ومواهب وأموال.. مارك زوكربيرغ يعلن الحرب على أبل

عودة التعاون الفضائي بين روسيا وأميركا.. وبحث ملفات "هامة"

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

platelet volume, mean (Mean platelet volume [MPV])

platelet count (Thrombocyte count)

Future Directions of Molecular Diagnostic Testing

Next Generation Sequencing Technology

Analysis of Amplification Products

platelet aggregation test (Ristocetin test)

plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1)

phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies (anti-pla2r)

phosphate (PO4 , Phosphorus [P])

pheochromocytoma suppression and provocative testing (Clonidine suppression test [CST], Glucagon stimulation test)

parvovirus B19 antibody

Applications of Molecular Biology to Erythrocyte Immunohematology