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Grammar

Tenses

Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous

Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous

Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous

Parts Of Speech

Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns

Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs

Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs

Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective

Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns

Pre Position

Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition

Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions

Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions

Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences

Clauses

Part of Speech

Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners

Direct and Indirect speech

Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics

Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced

Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment

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TYPING

المؤلف:  John Field

المصدر:  Psycholinguistics

الجزء والصفحة:  P311

2025-10-21

954

+

-

20

TYPING

Studies of typing patterns offer insights into the last (motor) stage of the writing process when a PC is in use. Average typing speed is seven to eight strokes per second; but evidence of the way in which typists execute their writing plans comes from the regularity of the finger strokes and the duration of the intervals between them. The following conclusions have been reached:

In terms of rhythm, the unit of typing seems to be the word rather than the phrase or sentence.

Intervals between strokes are greatest at the beginnings and ends of words.

Intervals between strokes are longer for letter strings which occur infrequently.

Syllable boundaries appear to have some effect; the frequent sequence-th- is typed faster in PATHETIC than in PORTHOLE.

Performance declines with nonsensical letter strings, but not with non-words that bear a resemblance to existing ones.

 The evidence may offer insights into the way in which words are retrieved from the brain, or insights into the typing process itself. Typing is clearly an activity that demands a great deal of conscious control at the outset, but that gradually becomes proceduralised into a set of automatic keystroke sequences, particularly for very frequent words such as THE. It may be that the keystrokes made by a typist are stored as an independent set of procedures (hence the faster performance with more frequent letter sequences). Or it may be that they are linked to an orthographic representation of each word, or even to a phonological representation.

 See also: Slips of the Pen, Writing

Further reading: Garman (1990: 234–6)

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