Died: 10 November 1931 in Cambridge, England

Charlotte Angas Scott's father, the Rev Caleb Scott, was a Congregational Church minister and Principal of the Lancashire Independent College, Whalley Range. He provided tutors for his daughter from the age of seven and it was from these tutors that Charlotte Scott was first introduced to mathematics.

She won a scholarship in 1876 to Hitchin College, soon to be renamed Girton College, of the University of Cambridge. Four years later she was placed eighth Wrangler but, as a woman, she was not allowed to graduate. Kenschaft, writing in [3], quotes a report of the graduation ceremony in 1880:-

The man read out the names and when he came to 'eighth', before he could say the name, all the undergraduates called out 'Scott of Girton', and cheered tremendously, shouting her name over and over again with tremendous cheers and raising of hats.

Scott continued research at Girton on algebraic geometry under Cayley's supervision, receiving her doctorate in 1885. This was the same year that Bryn Mawr College in Pennsylvania, United States, opened. The College was founded by Joseph Taylor, a Quaker, and it was set up with Quaker beliefs although it operated as a nondenominational college. It was the first higher education institution in the United States offering graduate training for women. On Cayley's recommendation, Scott was appointed there and became the first head of the Bryn Mawr mathematics department.

In 1894 Scott published an important textbook An Introductory Account of Certain Modern Ideas and Methods in Plane Analytical Geometry. In 1899 she became an editor of the American Journal of Mathematics and continued an impressive publication record. She also served on the Council of the American Mathematical Society and served as its vice-president in 1905.

Scott retired from teaching in 1924 and, after spending one further year at Bryn Mawr, during which time she completed the supervision of her final doctoral student, she returned to England.

Macaulay wrote in [5]:-

Miss Scott was a geometer who whenever possible brought to analytical geometry the full resources of pure geometrical reasoning.

Alfred North Whitehead, speaking in 1922 at a meeting of the American Mathematical Society held at Bryn Mawr in Scott's honour, said:-

A friendship of peoples is the outcome of personal relations. A life's work such as that of Professor Charlotte Angas Scott is worth more to the world than many anxious efforts of diplomatists. She is a great example of the universal brotherhood of civilisations.

After her return to Cambridge in 1925, Scott became increasingly deaf and this prevented her taking much part in life at the University. A young member of Scott's family wrote these words about her in [1]:-

Books:

1. J Green and J LaDuke, Contributors to American Mathematics: An Overview and Selection, in G Kass-Simon and P Farnes (eds.), Women of Science-Righting the Record (Indiana, 1990).

Articles:

1. L S Grinstein and P J Campbell (eds.), Women of Mathematics (Westport, Conn., 1987), 193-203.
2. P Kenschaft, Charlotte Angas Scott, 1858-1931, The College Mathematics Journal 18 (1987), 98-110.
3. F S Macaulay, Dr Charlotte Angas Scott, J. London Mathematical Society 7 (1932), 230-240.
4. I Maddison and M Lehr, Charlotte Angas Scott : An appreciation, Bryn Mawr Alumni Bulletin 12 (1932), 9-12.

مواضيع ذات صلة

William Thomson

William James Macdonald

William Ernest Johnson

William Edward Story

William Burnside

Walther Franz Anton von Dyck

Walter William Rouse Ball

Thomas Jan Stieltjes

Spiru Haret

Sophie Willock Bryant

Sofia Vasilyevna Kovalevskaya

Sir Joseph Larmor