Grammar
Tenses
Present
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Future
Future Simple
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Parts Of Speech
Nouns
Countable and uncountable nouns
Verbal nouns
Singular and Plural nouns
Proper nouns
Nouns gender
Nouns definition
Concrete nouns
Abstract nouns
Common nouns
Collective nouns
Definition Of Nouns
Verbs
Stative and dynamic verbs
Finite and nonfinite verbs
To be verbs
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Auxiliary verbs
Modal verbs
Regular and irregular verbs
Action verbs
Adverbs
Relative adverbs
Interrogative adverbs
Adverbs of time
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of reason
Adverbs of quantity
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of affirmation
Adjectives
Quantitative adjective
Proper adjective
Possessive adjective
Numeral adjective
Interrogative adjective
Distributive adjective
Descriptive adjective
Demonstrative adjective
Pronouns
Subject pronoun
Relative pronoun
Reflexive pronoun
Reciprocal pronoun
Possessive pronoun
Personal pronoun
Interrogative pronoun
Indefinite pronoun
Emphatic pronoun
Distributive pronoun
Demonstrative pronoun
Pre Position
Preposition by function
Time preposition
Reason preposition
Possession preposition
Place preposition
Phrases preposition
Origin preposition
Measure preposition
Direction preposition
Contrast preposition
Agent preposition
Preposition by construction
Simple preposition
Phrase preposition
Double preposition
Compound preposition
Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunction
Correlative conjunction
Coordinating conjunction
Conjunctive adverbs
Interjections
Express calling interjection
Grammar Rules
Passive and Active
Preference
Requests and offers
wishes
Be used to
Some and any
Could have done
Describing people
Giving advices
Possession
Comparative and superlative
Giving Reason
Making Suggestions
Apologizing
Forming questions
Since and for
Directions
Obligation
Adverbials
invitation
Articles
Imaginary condition
Zero conditional
First conditional
Second conditional
Third conditional
Reported speech
Linguistics
Phonetics
Phonology
Linguistics fields
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pragmatics
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Phonology and grammar
المؤلف:
Walter F. Edwards
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
390-22
2024-03-30
957
+
-
20
Phonology and grammar
Some of the phonological processes described above have consequences for the grammar of AAVE. The tendency of AAVE speakers to drop the final [t] or [d] in tautosyllabic two-member clusters with the same voicing specification leads to the loss on the surface of grammatical information. Thus the surface realization of [wak] “walk” for underlying [wakt] leaves the past morpheme unexpressed segmentally. However, that information is retrieved from the context by any addressee familiar with the AAVE dialect. Similarly, the word tries might be uttered as [traɪ] or [tra:] for [traɪz] by an AAVE speaker who naturally drops the final [z], even though that [z] carries the grammatical information that the subject of the sentence is singular. This grammatical fact is signaled elsewhere in the sentence or discourse and is automatically retrieved by an interlocutor who is familiar with AAVE. Thus, sentences such as “I see how he try to get a job” or “He try to get a trade” (third person), “Plus these kids, these orphanage kid ...” (plural), and “Every day ... I see my cousin, or go to my uncle or somebody house” (possessive), would be considered anomalous to a non-AAVE speaking listener although they are perfectly grammatical within AAVE.
الاكثر قراءة في Phonology
اخر الاخبار
اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة
الآخبار الصحية
مواضيع ذات صلة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)
قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر مجموعة قصصية بعنوان (قلوب بلا مأوى)
قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر مجموعة قصصية بعنوان (قلوب بلا مأوى)
