Paralinguistic

Mention was made above of facial expressions, gestures and body movements. People who study human behavior often use the term body language for such activity. One could also mention certain vocal effects such as laughs and sobs. These paralinguistic effects are obviously relevant to the act of speaking but could not themselves properly be regarded as components of speech. Again, they need a proper descriptive and classificatory system, but this is not something that comes within the scope of this course, nor in my opinion should they be regarded as components of intonation.