The data of semantic description

Paradigmatic meaning

The application of componential analysis, and other forms of investigation, by anthropologists to folk terminologies has given us new perspectives for further semantic analysis. However, if less structured areas of the lexicon of a language are to be attacked, the restriction that a domain of vocabulary be clearly delimitable before analysis can proceed must be lifted, and it must be considered possible to enter the continuous semantic system at any arbitrary point. It is as a working hypothesis that items so extracted from the system are treated as though they formed a naturally isolated subset. Their definitions would be made more precise as more items in the system are studied and contrasted with those already extracted.

 

Like componential analysis, then, the present approach is structural in the paradigmatic sense of the word. The meanings of the items in a language are presented as standing in opposition to one another within the system of the language and as being distinguished by discrete semantic components acting as the distinctive features. This is not meant to imply a definition of the term meaning, which has often been defined so broadly as to make anything but anecdotal semantic investigation seem impossible, nor are all other theories denigrated. Rather, one approach is offered with which an empirical investigator can hopefully work. It restricts itself to minimal definitions (definitive meaning, defining or criterial attributes). A minimal definition of the meaning of an item will be a statement of the semantic components necessary and sufficient to distinguish the meaning paradigmatically from the meanings of all other items in the language.

 

¹ This article was originally solicited as a condensation of Bendix 1966. It is perhaps inevitable that it has become somewhat more than that. Besides editorial and substantive reformulations, some account has been taken of developments since February 1965, when the original monograph was completed, and in its present form it could probably fit as suitably. After it was submitted, Fillmore (1969) appeared with a good critique of Bendix (1966), but his points could no longer be answered here.

الاكثر قراءة في Semantics

Semantic features

Hierarchies of hyponyms

Hyponymy

Primary and Secondary verbs

Types associated with the Adjective class

Antonymy

Hyponymy and the has-relation

Lexical relations

Polysemy

Adverbs with manner but not sentential function

Situation types

Agent and theme

Adjective types and derived adverbs

Semantic roles

Words and clitics

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اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

شعبة الشهداء والجرحى تباشر مرحلة التدقيق الشامل لأكثر من 10 آلاف إضبارة مؤرشفة

قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر كتابًا تخصصيًّا في إعراب الصحيفة السجادية وبيانها

أكاديمية التطوير الإداري تنظم ورشة عن الإتيكيت الوظيفي لطلبتها

سماحة السيد الصافي يزور معهد الكفيل للنطق والتأهيل المدرسي ويشيد بالدور الإنساني والتربوي لملاكاته

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

العلاج بالماء البارد.. باحثون يكشفون فوائده الصحية

من دون صالة رياضية.. عادة بسيطة لتحسين الصحة وخسارة الوزن

لصحة القلب وتفادي السرطان.. استهلك هذا النوع من الطعام

دراسة تحذر من خطر شرب القهوة في أكواب البلاستيك

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

إنجاز طبي تاريخي.. جراحة قلب بلا شق في الصدر

اليابان.. مراحيض توفر فحص للحالة الصحية عبر "تحليل البراز" !

اختراق واسع لمنصة "إنستغرام".. ونشر بيانات على "الدارك ويب"

علماء يحذرون: هكذا سيفنى كوكب الأرض

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

Anaphora vs. deixis

Grammatical case vs. semantic case

Semantic roles and Grammatical Relations Conclusion

Arguments and semantic roles

Semantic roles and Grammatical Relations

Constituency

Identifying meaningful elements Summary

Identifying meaningful elements within words

Identifying meaningful elements Identifying word meanings

Consequences of modifying Gunlogsons 2001 model

A case study of the semantics of clear - Factivity revisited

A case study of the semantics of clear - The analysis