

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
The diagnostic assessment scale
المؤلف:
Carmela Briguglio
المصدر:
Enhancing Teaching and Learning through Assessment
الجزء والصفحة:
P19-C2
2025-05-27
520
The diagnostic assessment scale
The band scales developed for our project included a description of what students are able to do in written English. The process was iterative: we began with five bands but after some 50 pieces of writing had been examined decided that six bands worked better. As more samples were assessed and re-assessed, the descriptors for each band were also adjusted. Below is the list of six bands which were adopted. These have since been used and adapted by colleagues in other faculties at Curtin (Faculty of Engineering and Science) and by colleagues working in other Australian universities (e.g. the University of Canberra).
Assessment scale for academic writing
1. Outstanding communicator in written English, whose writing shows sophisticated use of English expression that is free of errors. The student is able to use simple and complex sentences and a rich vocabulary to convey ideas clearly. Should communicate successfully in academic and related professional contexts.
2. Successful communicator in written English, whose writing shows minimal errors in grammar, structure and vocabulary. Uses simple and complex sentences to convey meaning clearly. The student should communicate successfully in academic and related professional contexts.
3. Competent communicator in written English, who is able to express ideas clearly, although there are occasional errors in grammar, structure and vocabulary. Uses mostly simple and some complex sentences to convey meaning. The student should communicate competently in academic and related professional contexts.
4. Modest communicator in written English, whose writing shows some weaknesses in grammar, structure and vocabulary. Is unable to express complex ideas and uses simple sentences to convey meaning. The student is likely to require support to communicate adequately in academic and related professional contexts.
5. Poor communicator in written English, whose writing shows some major weaknesses in grammar, structure and vocabulary, sometimes hindering clarity. Is able to express very basic ideas in writing. The student is likely to have difficulty in coping with writing for academic and related professional contexts.
6. Extremely poor communicator in written English, whose writing reflects major weaknesses in grammar, structure and vocabulary, which hinder meaning and clarity. The student is unlikely to be able to cope with the demands of writing for academic and related professional contexts.
In 2005, when it was decided to give formal feedback to students including the scale, the descriptors were modified to make them more suitable for this purpose. The student version of the scale is shown below.
In the first year, all writing was marked by one assessor who also developed the bandscales before this process, adjusting them according to the experience of grading so many samples. In the second and following years, all pieces of writing have been double-marked and have been marked a third time where there seemed to be a great discrepancy between markers.
Student version of the Assessment Scale for Academic Writing
1. You communicate very well and your writing shows sophisticated use of English expression that is free of errors. You express your ideas clearly and should have no problem communicating successfully in academic contexts.
2. You communicate well in written English and your writing shows only minimal errors in grammar, structure and vocabulary. You should communicate successfully in academic contexts.
3. You communicate competently in written English and you are able to express your ideas clearly, although there are occasional errors in grammar, structure and vocabulary. You should communicate competently in academic contexts.
4. You communicate reasonably well in written English, although your writing shows some weaknesses in grammar, structure and vocabulary. You will probably require some support to communicate competently in academic contexts and you are invited to take advantage of Academic Writing Seminars being offered by CBS.
5. You have some difficulty communicating in written English and your writing shows some major weaknesses in grammar, structure and vocabulary, sometimes hindering clarity. You are likely to have difficulty in coping with writing for academic purposes and are strongly urged to attend Academic Writing Seminars being offered by CBS.
6. You have difficulty communicating in written English and your writing reflects major weaknesses in grammar, structure and vocabulary, which hinder meaning and clarity. You are unlikely to be able to cope with the demands of academic writing without support and are strongly urged to attend Academic Writing Seminars being offered by CBS.
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