

Grammar


Tenses


Present

Present Simple

Present Continuous

Present Perfect

Present Perfect Continuous


Past

Past Simple

Past Continuous

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Continuous


Future

Future Simple

Future Continuous

Future Perfect

Future Perfect Continuous


Parts Of Speech


Nouns

Countable and uncountable nouns

Verbal nouns

Singular and Plural nouns

Proper nouns

Nouns gender

Nouns definition

Concrete nouns

Abstract nouns

Common nouns

Collective nouns

Definition Of Nouns

Animate and Inanimate nouns

Nouns


Verbs

Stative and dynamic verbs

Finite and nonfinite verbs

To be verbs

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Auxiliary verbs

Modal verbs

Regular and irregular verbs

Action verbs

Verbs


Adverbs

Relative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs

Adverbs of time

Adverbs of place

Adverbs of reason

Adverbs of quantity

Adverbs of manner

Adverbs of frequency

Adverbs of affirmation

Adverbs


Adjectives

Quantitative adjective

Proper adjective

Possessive adjective

Numeral adjective

Interrogative adjective

Distributive adjective

Descriptive adjective

Demonstrative adjective


Pronouns

Subject pronoun

Relative pronoun

Reflexive pronoun

Reciprocal pronoun

Possessive pronoun

Personal pronoun

Interrogative pronoun

Indefinite pronoun

Emphatic pronoun

Distributive pronoun

Demonstrative pronoun

Pronouns


Pre Position


Preposition by function

Time preposition

Reason preposition

Possession preposition

Place preposition

Phrases preposition

Origin preposition

Measure preposition

Direction preposition

Contrast preposition

Agent preposition


Preposition by construction

Simple preposition

Phrase preposition

Double preposition

Compound preposition

prepositions


Conjunctions

Subordinating conjunction

Correlative conjunction

Coordinating conjunction

Conjunctive adverbs

conjunctions


Interjections

Express calling interjection

Phrases

Sentences


Grammar Rules

Passive and Active

Preference

Requests and offers

wishes

Be used to

Some and any

Could have done

Describing people

Giving advices

Possession

Comparative and superlative

Giving Reason

Making Suggestions

Apologizing

Forming questions

Since and for

Directions

Obligation

Adverbials

invitation

Articles

Imaginary condition

Zero conditional

First conditional

Second conditional

Third conditional

Reported speech

Demonstratives

Determiners


Linguistics

Phonetics

Phonology

Linguistics fields

Syntax

Morphology

Semantics

pragmatics

History

Writing

Grammar

Phonetics and Phonology

Semiotics


Reading Comprehension

Elementary

Intermediate

Advanced


Teaching Methods

Teaching Strategies

Assessment
The collaborative structures of Atelier Geelong teams
المؤلف:
Richard Tucker
المصدر:
Enhancing Teaching and Learning through Assessment
الجزء والصفحة:
P218-C19
2025-07-08
440
The collaborative structures of Atelier Geelong teams
In order to find out the effect of assessment procedures on the learning of individuals within a collaborative design team, it is necessary first to know something about how the teams collaborated. In order to achieve this understanding we shall examine the teams in the three categories of organization in which they worked together in 2003.
When, in 2003, students were allowed to choose their own team-mates, the team-working of approximately 40% of the teams could be described with the term 'democratic collaboration'. This resulted when there was no clear leader, and/or in most cases of this type when students were too polite, or of such similar ability that they felt they had no right to criticize at any depth. In such cases, those developed were those elected democratically. This often implied that the ideas selected had prompted the fewest objections, which frequently resulted in a product that in advertising parlance is commonly (unkindly) known as "lowest common denominator." This clearly was not a mode of collaborative working that encouraged risk for as Schrage implies, innovation is more often than not the product of a diverse range of skills and abilities (Schrage, 1995).
It might be appropriate to describe the groups driven by one or two high achievers, which numbered six - the least common of the three primary collaborative modes- as 'oligarchic collaborators.' Not only did these groups often produce the most accomplished and innovative designs, but they usually resulted in a positive learning environment for everyone. This included low achievers, who in these groups were often encouraged to develop previously unchallenged abilities.
If 40% of the teams could be described as democratic and 20% as oligarchic then, in turn, to describe the organization of approximately another 30% of the 2003 teams we might use another term with Platonic origins, namely 'timarchic collaboration.' For, in common with Plato's description (1955) of a society divided by internal strife and characterized by conflict and selfish ambition, this last type of group was born out of dissent. Often the result was piecemeal design with little cohesion. Most failures of teams to bond, due to either clashing personalities or other failures to communicate, led to this common solution; namely, a design of disparate parts defined merely by an allocated footprint. We shall consider in our conclusion what effect the use of different assessment modes may have had on the proportional distribution of these three collaborative modes.
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