Totative

A totative is a positive integer less than or equal to a number  which is also relatively prime to , where 1 is counted as being relatively prime to all numbers. The number of totatives of  is the value of the totient function .

The term was popularized by Sylvester (1879; Dickson 2005, p. 124), who spelled it "totitive."

REFERENCES:

Dickson, L. E. History of the Theory of Numbers, Vol. 1: Divisibility and Primality. New York: Dover, 2005.

Sylvester, J. J. "On Certain Ternary Cubic-Form Equations. Excursus A. On the Divisors of Cyclotomic Functions." Amer. J. Math. 2, 357-393, 1879.