Pressure, Temperature and RMS Speed
المؤلف:
Professor John W. Norbury
المصدر:
ELEMENTARY MECHANICS & THERMODYNAMICS
الجزء والصفحة:
p 230
1-1-2017
1884
Pressure, Temperature and RMS Speed
Now consider our first kinetic theory problem. Imagine a gas, consisting of n moles being confined to a cubical box of volume V. ''What is the connection between the pressure p exerted by the gas on the walls and the speeds of the molecules?" Pressure is defined as Force divided by Area or 
where 
. Using Newtonian Mechanics, shows that
where n is the number of moles, M is the mass of 1 mole of the gas (so that nM is the total mass of the gas), vRMS is the average speed of the molecules and V is the volume of the gas. The above equation is derived purely from applying Newtonian mechanics to the individual molecules. Now by comparing to the ideal gas law pV = nRT or 
we must have 
or
which shows that the temperature T is related to the speed of molecules!
As shown the speed of molecules at room temperature is very large; about 500 m/sec for air (about 1000 mph).
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