Orbital order
المؤلف:
J. M. D. COEY
المصدر:
Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
الجزء والصفحة:
207
21-2-2021
1822
Orbital order
Cations with d-electrons in orbitally degenerate energy levels may exhibit electronic ordering effects that are formally equivalent to antiferromagnetism. Consider the example of Cu2+, a 3d9 cation, octahedrally coordinated by oxygen.
This cation has its ninth electron in an e↓g level, where the dz2 and dx2−y2 orbitals are degenerate. However, d9 is a Jahn–Teller ion, which tends to elongate or flatten the octahedron in order to stabilize one orbital or the other. It may be energetically favourable to alternate the configurations, so that the distortions of neighbouring octahedra match. There is then G-type orbital order, where there are two sublattices, composed of ions with electrons in dz2 or dx2−y2 orbitals.
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